Preliminary Task Editing

Ben and Aklima were the two who acted within this video, Berke was the camera man and i did the editing once everything had been filmed. Throughout this film we used Match on action, eye line match, shot, reverse shot and 180 degree angle. 

Match on action - This was used when Ben was filmed form one side of the door walking through and then filmed coming through the other side of the door. This is to show him coming through the door but both him going through and coming out the other side. 
Eye line match - This was used when Ben was standing in the class room, and then the camera goes on to Aklima, this is to show that he is looking at Aklima without actually showing it in one shot. 
Shot, reverse shot - The shot, reverse shot was used when Ben and Aklima was speaking to each other, the reason this was used to give the effect that they was speaking to each other and to show the audience that they was having a conversation with each other. 
180 degree angle - This was used throughout the video to make sure that it followed the same sequence and so that it looked like that was walking in the right directions at all time, therefore, making the film look better and more realistic. 

For this short film that we made, we had to make sure that we made ever shot as accurate as possible. However, i feel that we did very well with the filming and getting each shot in. On the other hand, i feel that we could have improved on making sure that shots were more steady. Therefore, i believe that next time we will make sure that we use a steady cam and try to not make as much background noise when we are filming. 

On the other hand i feel that the positive elements were that we was able to edit all of the different clips to make them into a good sequence. Therefore, i believe that we edited things together well and made it look a little bit more realistic. 

Preliminary Task

Berke was the person that filmed the sequence using many different filming skills. Ben and Aklima acted out a sequence to implicate these skills. I observed what was going on to make sure everything was going to plan. 

Our story is about a boy and a girl who started speaking, this film did not last very long, however, we made sure that all of the filming skills were included within the sequence. We began with using the graphic match by zooming out of a characters eye, on the 0 on the door of the room that they were in. This linked in when character 'A' which was the boy walked into the room. We the filmed him coming into the room from the outside, and then went inside the room and filmed him coming through the door that way as well. We also used eye line match where he was staring at character 'B' which was the girl, then we used a point of view shot towards character 'B'. Therefore, we then finished the film on a shot, reverse shot of when character 'A' and character 'B' was communicating. However, throughout this sequence, when Berke was filming we made sure that the 180 degree rule was not broken, so that the sequence followed and looked natural. 

Continuity Editing

What is continuity editing?

Continuity editing is retain a sense of realistic chronology and generates the feeling that time is moving forward. Therefore, meaning that we may use flashback or flash forwards but the narrative will still be seen to be progressing forward in an expected or realistic way. Therefore, meaning that this is important because you have to make sure that they make the film look as realistic as possible. 

Eye line match: 

This is where a character is looking at something off-screen, and then it cuts to the object or person that they are looking at, this is to show the audience what the character is looking at. The character may be looking at something such as a picture, then the camera with cut to the picture showing the audience, that the character was looking at that.

Graphic match:
A graphic match is where two shots link with similar shapes or compositions of an image. Therefore, a imagine looking another for example, by the shape of it. Meaning a bone could be thrown into the air and then a clip will change or fade into something else such as a space ship, as they are the same shape and it is more effective for the audience and creates creativity. 

Match of action: 

This is where a character start action in one of the shots and then it is continued over to the next shot of them. 

A graphic match is where two shots are linked with similar shapes or composition of an imagine. One image made to look like and link to another. For example, they will show one shot of someone standing there, and then them running, this cuts down the shots but also allows the audience to know what is going on.  

180 degree rules:

• You have to make sure that you remember the basic guideline state two characters 
• You have to remember to have the same left/right angle relationship with each other
• Have to make sure that you do not cross the 180 degree rule, as you may confuse the audience

The reason that you must make sure that you do not break the 180 degree rule, is because otherwise it could end up confusing the audience, not just this, but change the direction of the person walking or the car driving.

Short/reverse shot:

This is mainly used when two people are arguing or talking within a film. The reason that this is used is to give a good effect and understanding to the audience. However, this is mainly used when people are talking or arguing as it allows the audience to see who they are talking to and to see each character talking, giving a better effect and result of the conversation or argument. 

Mise-en-scene

Mis-en-scene:
This is a French term meaning "in the scene or frame". There are 5 Elements these are 

• Settings and props
• Costumes, hair and make up 
• Facial expressions and body language
• Lighting and colouring 
• Positioning of characters and objects in the frame

Setting and props:

Setting is where media takes place and props are objects we see within the setting. 

In different exercise what settings and props would you expect to see:

• Science fiction - Light savers, alien planets, alien costumes. 
• Thriller - Weapons (knifes and guns), cars, drugs.
• Western - Hats, Boots, Waist coats, aged skin and weather beaten, badges.

Characters (costumes , hair and make up): 

• Villains - Dark clothes, facial hair, dark make up.
• Hero's - Light clothes, light make up, smooth and clean skin.

The main films that genres use make up in is horrors, musicals, and for hero's and villains, this is to make the characters stand out more to the audience. 

Facial expressions and body language:

We all communicate through facial expressions and body language. this is so that they are able to get the point across to the audience. This is particularly important in media text with close up and the extreme close ups. 

Different body languages: 

• Laid back/ relaxed 
• Angry/mad
• Happy
• Excited
• Sad
• Embarrassed

This revels information about the body language and how the person is feeling. Therefore, meaning that eye contact is also important but not to much eye contact as it can start to make people feel uncomfortable. 

Positions of characters and objects within a frame:

Characters and objects are very important when positioning and it helps clear up what is going on within the frame. Therefore, meaning distance between character is very important. 

Objects and characters can either be in the foreground, middle-ground or back ground. The reason for this is because it emphasises the importance of the object or the character. 

Deep focus: 
Deep focus is where both foreground and back ground are in focus at the same time. This is used so that the audience are able to choose where they want to look, this is used within the film 'The best years of our lifes'. 
They could also use focus pulling, which is where they focus on one character or object and then the pull this into focusing onto another character or object.

Sound exercise

Sound exercise evaluation

In this video we used the sound bridge, the scene that we used this in was when Hayden and Taju was running i used the sounds bridge for that scene and to over lap into the next scene when Taju was running in to the next room for speak on the phone. The reason that i did this was because then the music did not cut out but slowly went into the other scene and then cut out making it more effective 

Not only this but i also used a contrapuntal sound within this scene, how i did this was by using a opera song when Hayden and Taju was running to make it effective and show fear. the way this made it a contrapuntal sound was because it was a fearful and action shot, whereas, the music was a opera and relaxing sound meaning that the music did not match the scene, making it a contrapuntal sound.

We also used a sounds track which was non-diegetic, the way we did this was because when Taju was walking listening to the music the audience could hear the music playing but Taju could not hear the music. This scene was also on screen scene as you can see everything that is going on in the screen and you can hear everything that is going on in that scene. The music that was playing when Taju was walking listening to it was a parallel sound, the reason for this is because the music matched the scene, because we was just hearing the music out loud to what he was listening to. Whereas, when Hayden and Taju are running the music doesn't. 

Throughout the whole of the video we use diegetic sounds, this is because you are able to hear Hayden and Taju speak, and you can see that it is coming from both their mouths. which represents the world of text. 

Therefore, in the last scene you will see that we use an off-screen sound, the way that we did this was by focusing the camera on Taju black jumper meaning that you was not able to see him, however, you was able to hear what he was saying making it off-screen as you can do see the source of the sounds. Not only was it just Taju speaking we also did mobile dialling and a phone ringing so that you could understand what was going on without seeing it for yourself. After this we then zoomed out and went to on-screen so you could see Taju speaking and could see then where the sounds was coming from.

What we had to make sure we used:

• Non-Diegetic - Audience can hear but character's can not (outside of the world of text), such as sound tracks, captions, titles, subtitles.
• Diegetic - Both audience and characters can hear it, (refer's to the world of text) such as sound effects, music with a sound e.g. Radio.
• Off screen sounds - Audience are not able to see the source of the sound.
• On screen sounds - Audience are able to see the source of the sound. 
• Parallel sounds - Music that matches the action that is going on in the video.
• Contrapuntal sounds - Music that does not match the action that is going on in the video. 

Scenes: 

Scene 1: Diegetic sound - there was little sound but you was able to see where it was coming from as it was outside, On screen sounds - as you was able to see what was going on and you could see Hayden walk past.

Scene 2: Non-Diegetic sound - there was music playing but only the audience could hear that and the characters could not, On screen sounds - as you are able to see where the sound is coming from, which is the ear phones. Parallel sounds - This is because it matches the action that is happening within this scene. Sound bridge - this is used because the music goes into Scene 3 to carry on the music that Taju is listening to. 

Scene 3: Diegetic sound - this is because you can hear Hayden and Taju speaking to each other and you can see the source of the sound which is their mouths. On-screen sound - you can see the two boys speaking. Parallel sounds - the music matches the action at the start of the screen. Contrapuntal - the music at the end of the scene does not match the action that is going on. Sound bridge - at the start of the scene their is one from Scene 2 - 3 and at the end of the scene there is another from Scene 3 - 4. 

Scene 4: Diegetic sound - this is because the audience and the characters can hear where the sound is coming from. Off-screen sound - as the audience is not able to see the source of the scene but they are able to hear the sounds. Contrapuntal - at the start of the scene because the music that is playing dose not match the action. Parallel - when the phone is dialled and then rings it goes with the cation that is going on in this part of the scene. Sounds bridge - as the sound from Scene 3 over laps into scene 4. 

Why we chose to do this?

I believe that is video was successful the reason for this is because you are able to understand all what is going on within the video and it is easy to understand, not only this you are able to keep track of what is happening and the extra added things such as the music over the top of the video allows the audience to understand it a bit more and to see the fear and excitement within the video.

The reason we chose to use these sounds was because when Taju was walking with the headphones in you it allows the audience to see what he is listening to and makes you feel like you are in his shoes as you can hear him listening to. Therefore, it is more effective to the audience and more realistic. 

The reason we chose the opera music in the running scene is because you are able to see that something is going to happen and the opera music builds up the tension and makes the audience think what is going to happen. 

Camera Exercise

What we did?
In this exercise we did all the different camera shots and how it is they are used through out film, these were,

• Long shot (LS) - A shot that is from far away
• Medium shot (MS) - Where the person is not close up but not far away
• Close up (CU) - A shot where something is up close
• Extreme close up (ECU) - Extremely close where you can see just there eyes, for example
• Point of view (POV) - Seeing what the character is seeing
• Over the shoulder - Looking over the shoulder of someone to see the other person talking 
• Low angle - Makes someone look powerful
• High angle - Making someone look small and powerless
• Pan - Right to Left / Left to Right, Goes round
• Tilt - Titling the camera up or down
• Crane shot - Very high angle looking at someone/something e.g. helicopter
• Tracking shot - Following someone around with the camera
• Rolling shot - Like someone is falling, moved side ways

In my group we videoed every shot. After we had videoed the shots we edited them altogether so that you could see which ones where what. The reason that i done this was being you are able to identify which shot is what. We chose to shot every shot, the reason for this is because we wanted to make sure that we had tried doing each shot at least once. 

We did not tell a story with each shot, the reason for this is because we just wanted to make sure we got every shot in the video, and just to get a feel of what it was like to use the camera and the different shots. However, i believe that it was still successful, this is because we included every shot within our video. Not only this but it also allowed us to all get used to using these shots and understand how to and where to use these shots. 

What we did well and didn't do well on:
I believe that in this video we did the shots well and we understood every shot and how it should be used. However, i believe that we need to improve on how to use the camera and to try and put it into a video the next time we are filming. Overall, i feel that we all tried our best and we did to the best or our abilities, we just need to work on a few things to make sure that the next view is better and more realistic. 

In the group we tried to make sure that veery shot that we did was as steady as possible, however, we was not able to achieve this with every shot, so i believe that this is something we may need to work on. I believe that each shot was taken appropriately but i believe that we need to improve on how we film it and where we are filming them. 

Genre & Narrative

Genre and narratives:

What is genre:
Genre is a macro element it also means, what the type of film is, for example is it a romance, sic-fi, horror, thriller, adventure, comedy, drama, musical, western or others. This just shows you what type of film or television programme it is, such as films like p.s. i love you which is a romance and Women in black which is a horror. 

What is narrative: 
A narrative is a macro element to and it is the way that the story is organised, meaning how the sequence of events take place, and the way that the events are reviled to the audience. 

Linear narrative:
Linear narrative is when the movie or television programme is shown in the order that they look, for example, beginning, middle and end. This is one of the most popular forms of narrative structure. 

Non-linear narrative:
this is when the film or television programme is revealed out of exact order for example, it may start at the end of the movie and go to the middle and then the beginning. A type of film that does it like this is pulp fiction. 

Brick

What this film is about?
This first scene within this film, it shows us a young man knelling down, with a close up of his eyes. Once you have seen him is then jumps to a different shot of the man still knelling down but looking at what looks like a dead body near a tunnel. After this it then shows us close up shots of him and the young ladies body. However, it does not show the audience much as we don't know if he killed the young girl or it was someone else, or if he knew her or not. Director: Rian Johnson, Writer: Rian Johnson, Stars: Joseph Gordon-Levitt, Lukas Haas, Emilie de Ravin. This film is a  Crime, Drama, Mystery  and was made on the 12th of May 2006 (UK), this film also has a 7.5 start rating. 

Editing:

The first part of the scene is slow and it is blank and then moves into the setting that they are in, it lasts about 7-10 seconds, and then there is a dissolve that is used to then focus onto the young man eyes. This is very effective as it allows the audience to see that something is going on but they don't know what or why, or what this young man has to do with it. However, when the camera focuses on the young mans eyes it stays there for about 5-7 seconds this is so that the audience wonder what is going and what this boy has done. However, throughout this first scene the edits a very slow until it focuses on the girl when they start to speed up, however, they are still not extremely fast. When the camera shows the young lady laying on the floor, there are jump shots that are used back and forwards from the young boy and the young lady laying their on the floor, which looks like she is dead. This gives the effect that maybe the young man new the girl or maybe he had killed her, building up tension for the audience. However, when the camera jumps from one shot to the other you are able to see that it is getting closer and closer to the boys face and the young lady, making the audience wonder what is going to happen next and whether he actually killer her or not. At the end of this scene it does a close up on the young ladies bracelets, then does a straight shot to another arm with the same bracelets posting something in what looks like a school, building up suspicion for the audience and making them wonder what happened. 

Camera:

• Close up - Close up shots are used throughout this scene, the reason for this is because it builds up tension for the audience, not just this, but it allows the audience to see what is going on. 
• Wide shot - This was used when the camera allowed the audience to see everything that was going on, for example, the lay laying on the ground and the boy knelling down looking at her not to far away from her, the reason they used this was because then the audience are able to see what the man is looking at and where about's the man and lady are. 
• Long shot- This was also used at the same time as the wide shot, this was used to show what was going on and where about both the boy and girl where. 
• Extreme close up - this was mainly used on the girl and the boy, as they did and extreme close up on the boys eyes, and then on the girls hands, feet and face to show us where the boy was looking and what he was looking at, making this very effective for the audience, as it builds up tension. 
• Pan - This was used when the camera first focused and went to the boys feet to show the audience that he was knelling down. 
• Medium shot - Medium shots were also used to show where the boy was looking and to show the audience that he was looking at the young lady, not just this but to show us what the young man looked like. 
• High angle - This was mainly used when the camera was on the young lady laying on the floor the reason for this was because it allowed the audience to see that she was powerless and had no control, also almost like the boy was more in control as her and he was looking at her. 
• Lower angle - This was mainly used when looking at the young man as it shows the audience that he is powerfully and has power over this helpless girl, making the audience wonder what he has done and whether it was him that did this to the young girl. 

Sounds:

Throughout this scene there is the same music played the whole way through, the reason i believe that they have done this is the music is like bells and is very spooky and slow, so it builds up the tension for the audience and makes the wonder more what has happened. However, this music is non-diegetic as you are not able to see the source where it is coming from. However, although the sounds is non-diegetic i feel that it goes with what is happening as the music sounds like you are waiting for something and the boy is sitting there and sort of looks like he is waiting as he is just sat there looking at this young lady, who is laying on the floor. 

Mis en scene:

In this scene the audience are able to see that this young girl has been a victim of something, however, the only thing the audience does not know is who did it and why. Therefore, meaning that they don't know if the young man did it or it was someone else. This then build up suspicion for the audience, and it also builds up tension for the audience. On the other hand the props that where used for this scene where the young girls bracelets, the reason these where so effective because at the end of this scene they focus on the bracelets and then jump to another scene where someone is then wearing them, making the audience wonder if it is her, and if so was that before or after this accident. This then builds up more fear, tensions and suspicion.